M. V. Sc. Veterinary Clinical Subjects

Animal Reproduction Gynaecology and Obstetrics

  1. General Gynaecology
  2. Female Infertility in Farm Animals
  3. Veterinary Obstetrics
  4. Andrology and Male Infertility
  5. Semen Preservation and Artificial Insemination
  6. Basics of Reproductive Biotechnology
  7. Clinical Practice-I
  8. Clinical Practice-II
  9. Canine and Feline Reproduction
  10. Caprine and Ovine Reproduction
  11. Equine Reproduction
  12. Camel Reproduction
  13. Elephant Reproduction
  14. Wild and Zoo Animal Reproduction
  15. Porcine Reproduction
  16. Ultrasonography In Animal Reproduction
  17. Special Problem

Veterinary Surgery and Radiology

  1. Clinical Practice-I
  2. Clinical Practice-II
  3. Principles of Surgery
  4. Anaesthesia And Analgesia
  5. Diagnostic Imaging Techniques
  6. Soft Tissue Surgery
  7. Orthopaedic Surgery
  8. Anaesthesia of Zoo, Wild, Exotic and Laboratory Animals
  9. Urogenital Surgery
  10. Ophthalmology
  11. Dentistry and Oral Surgery
  12. Camel Surgery
  13. Elephant Surgery
  14. Clinical Case Conference
  15. Special Problem in Radiology
  16. Special Problem in Anaesthesia
  17. Special Problem in Surgery

Veterinary Medicine

  1. Ruminant Medicine-internal
  2. Ruminant Medicine-infectious 3
  3. Equine Medicine
  4. Canine and Feline Medicine-I
  5. Canine and Feline Medicine-II
  6. Metabolic and Endocrine Diseases, Nutritional Deficiencies and Diseases of Mammary Gland
  7. Paediatrics and Geriatrics
  8. Avian and Swine Medicine
  9. Zoo, Wild and Laboratory Animal Medicine
  10. Toxicology and Forensic Medicine
  11. Clinical Diagnostic Techniques
  12. Emergency Medicine
  13. Diagnosis of Veterinary Infectious Diseases
  14. Oncology and Ethno-veterinary Medicine
  15. Animal Disease Investigation and Biosecurity
  16. Clinical Practice-I
  17. Clinical Practice-II

– Animal Reproduction Gynaecology and Obstetrics

  1. General Gynaecology

Content: Functional anatomy, puberty and sexual maturity, Role of hypothalamic-pituitarygonadal axis in attainment of puberty and sexual maturity, Endocrine regulation of estrous cycle. Role of pineal gland, endogenous opioids and neuropeptides in reproduction. Folliculogenesis, Oogenesis and ovulation and associated endocrine pattern, manipulation of follicular waves, Synchronization of estrus and ovulation and induction of ovarian activity. Gamete transport, Fertilization, Implantation and maternal recognition of pregnancy. Embryonic and fetal development, Placentation, Fetal circulation and gestation, position of fetus in the uterus, age characteristics of fetus. Pregnancy diagnosis: Clinical, Ultrasonographic, Endocrinological and other diagnostic laboratory tests. Lactation and artificial induction of lactation.

Practical: Clinical examination of female genitalia. Biometry of female genital organs. Rectal and vaginal examination to diagnose cyclic phases of estrous cycle. Fern pattern of cervical mucus and exfoliated vaginal cytology. Pregnancy diagnosis in large and small animals by various methods. Estimation of age of the fetus. Use of ultrasound/ RIA/ ELISA in gynaecology. Synchronization of estrus and ovulation in farm animals.

  1. Female Infertility in Farm Animals

Content: Introduction to infertility, classification, economic impact. Anatomical causes of infertility, congenital and hereditary causes and acquired defects. Nutritional causes of infertility. Importance of body condition score. Negative energy balance, its prevention and amelioration. Managemental and environmental causes of infertility. Out of season breeding. Infectious causes of female infertility, Specific and non-specific infections; It’s diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control. Ovarian dysfunction; Anoestrus, Cystic ovarian degeneration, Anovulation, Delayed ovulation and luteal insufficiency; causes, diagnosis and treatment. Repeat breeding; its causes, diagnosis and treatment. Early embryonic death (EED); it’s causes, Diagnosis and therapeutic management. Abortion; causes, diagnosis and prevention of abortion. Interactions in immunological mechanisms and infertility.

Practical: Record keeping, herd fertility assessment and management, diagnosis and treatment of infertility in female animals, use of uterine swabs for bacterial and fungal culture, histo-pathological evaluation of uterine biopsy, white side test, endometrial cytology and hormone assay. Use of ultrasonography in diagnosis of infertility. Immuno- diagnostic techniques.

  1. Veterinary Obstetrics

Content: Parturition; stages of parturition, Mechanism of initiation of parturition, Hormonal profiles associated with parturition, Transition cow, Onset of postpartum ovarian activity. Principles of handling of dystocia, Obstetrical procedures: Mutations, Fetotomy, caesarean section. Obstetrical anaesthesia and analgesia, epidural anesthesia. Fetal and maternal dystocia; causes, diagnosis and management. Uterine torsion; causes, diagnosis and its correction. Caesarean section, anaesthesia for caesarean section, ovariohysterectomy. Diseases and accidents during gestation and around parturition. Etiology, diagnosis and treatment of ante-partum and post-partum uterine and vaginal prolapse. Induction of parturition and elective termination of pregnancy. Involution of uterus following normal and abnormal parturition. Care of dam and the newborn.

Practical: Pelvimetry of different species of farm animals. Diagnosis and correction of abnormal fetal presentation, position and posture in phantom box. Epidural anesthesia, episiotomy, ovariohysterectomy and caesarean operation. Management of incomplete cervical dilation. Fetotomy operations. Detorsion of uterus. Management of cervicovaginal and uterine prolapse. Handling of clinical cases of dystocia.

  1. Andrology and Male Infertility

Content: Structure and function of reproductive tract of male. Sexual behavior and examination of bulls for breeding soundness. Spermatogenesis, Seminiferous epithelial cycle, Spermatogonial wave, Structure of spermatozoa, Semen and its composition. Mechanism of sperm motility. Diseases transmitted through semen. Factors affecting semen quality, semen culture, tests for assessment of sperm motility, sperm survival and fertilizing capacity of spermatozoa. Causes of infertility; hereditary, congenital, infectious, nutritional and hormonal. Pathological and functional disturbances of epididymis, vas deferens and accessory sex glands. Impotentia coeundi and impotentia generandi. Testicular hypoplasia and degeneration; causes and affect on semen and fertility. Coital injuries and vices of male animals. Influence of seminal plasma proteins in modulating fertility. Heat stress and it’s effect on sperm production. Screening of the breeding bulls to be selected for semen collection.

Practical: General and rectal examination for biometrics of male genitalia and accessory sex glands. Breeding soundness evaluation of male animals. Semen evaluation for sperm abnormalities, fertility and determination of other biochemical constituents of seminal plasma, Microbiological load of semen. Examination, diagnosis and treatment of infertile male animals.

  1. Semen Preservation and Artificial Insemination

Content: History of artificial insemination. Methods of semen collection. Semen evaluation; macroscopic, microscopic, biochemical and microbiological tests. Semen preservation. Extenders for preservation of semen at different temperatures. Semen additives for enhancement of motility and fertilizing capacity of spermatozoa. Dilution of semen. Cryopreservation of semen. Effect of cryopreservation on spermatozoa, semen quality and fertility. Liquid Nitrogen (LN2) cylinders; it’s handling, care and maintenance. Thawing protocols of frozen semen. Factors affecting post-thaw semen quality. Ideal protocol for AI in different species of animals. Factors affecting success of AI. Biosecurity and biosafety guidelines for frozen semen stations, semen processing laboratories and quarantine stations. Minimum standards and standard operating procedures for artificial insemination, Quality testing of straws and sheath for use in artificial insemination.

Practical: Instrumentation in semen laboratory, Minimum standards of protocols and Standard operating procedures for semen production, Computer assisted semen analysis (CASA), Collection and evaluation of semen. Preparation of extenders. Preservation of semen; room temperature, refrigeration and cryopreservation. Handling and evaluation of processed semen. Practice of AI techniques.

  1. Basics of Reproductive Biotechnology

Content: Embryo transfer technology: selection of donors and recipients. Synchronization, super-ovulation, surgical and non-surgical collection of embryos and evaluation of embryos. Cryopreservation of embryos, transfer of embryos to donors. Sexed semen production, sexing of embryos. Guidelines for export and import of bovine germplasm. Guidelines and standards regarding embryo production. In-vitro culture of granulosa cells, cumulus cells, luteal cells and oviductal cells. Recovery of bovine oocytes; from abattoir ovaries and live animals, invitro fertilization, in-vitro maturation, micromanipulation of embryos. Immuno-neutralization of hormones. Immunomodulation of fertility.

Practical: Synchronization of estrus in donors and recipients, superovulation, surgical and nonsurgical collection and transfer of embryos. Collection of oocytes from slaughter house genitalia. In-vitro fertilization, in-vitro maturation and cryopreservation of embryos. Sexing of embryos.

  1. Clinical Practice-I

Practical: Clinical examination of animals affected with reproductive disorders, Use of diagnostic techniques for diagnosis and institution of required therapy. Acquaintance with different equipment used for handling reproductive disorders, Client management, Public relations, Code of conduct, Database management, Maintenance of case records.

  1. Clinical Practice-II

Practical: Clinical examination of animals affected with reproductive disorders, use of diagnostic techniques for diagnosis and institution of required therapy. Acquaintance with different equipment used for handling reproductive disorders, Client management, Public relations, Code of conduct, Database management, Maintenance of case records.

  1. Canine and Feline Reproduction

Content: Development of reproductive system. Anatomy of male and female reproductive system. Canine and feline estrous cycle, endocrinology of estrous cycle. Breeding management, pregnancy, pregnancy diagnosis; clinical, ultrasonographic, endocrinological and other diagnostic laboratory tests. Parturition, fetal and maternal dystocia; causes, diagnosis and management. Induction of parturition and caesarean section, periparturient disorders. Medical termination of pregnancy in dogs and cats, management of psudopregnancy, pyometra and it’s management. Infertility and it’s management in dogs and cats. Postpartum care of dam and lactation. Neonatal care. Population control in dogs; surgical and non surgical methods. Reproductive physiology of male dogs, semen collection techniques, semen evaluation, freezing of semen, artificial insemination techniques, male reproductive disorders and it’s management.

Practical: Exfoliative vaginal cytology, determination of ovulation time, demonstration of semen collection and artificial insemination, predicting time of parturition using hormonal assay, management of dystocia using clinical cases, castration, ovariohystrectomy, caesarean section, surgical procedure related to reproductive disorders in both male and female dogs and cats.

  1. Caprine and Ovine Reproduction

Content: Caprine and ovine estrous cycle, endocrinology of estrous cycle, Seasonal breeding activity in sheep and goat, Artificial control of oestrus in sheep and goat.  Breeding management, methods for advancing sheep breeding season, Induction of multiple births in sheep. Artificial insemination, pregnancy and parturition, Dystocia and it’s management. Reproductive disorders and it’s management. Reproductive physiology of males, semen collection techniques, semen evaluation, freezing of semen, male reproductive disorders and it’s management.

Practical: Demonstration of semen collection and artificial insemination, management of dystocia using clinical cases, castration, ovariohystrectomy, caesarean section, surgical procedure related to reproductive disorders in both male and females.

  1. Equine Reproduction

Content: Anatomy and physiology of the mare and stallion. Manipulation of estrus in the mare, estrous cycle, broodmare management, Use of ultrasound in breeding management. Infertility and it’s management. Pregnancy diagnosis and management of the pregnant mare. Fetal development, abortion, induced parturition and dystocia. Neonatal management and common neonatal diseases, orphan foal management, foal management during the first six months. Semen collection, semen preservation, artificial insemination and embryo transfer.

Practical: Visit of equine/ stud farm, overall management of an equine breeding program, handling the cases of reproductive disorders, artificial insemination, semen collection, semen preservation, breeding record keeping and analysis.

  1. Camel Reproduction

Content: Male reproductive organs, male reproductive physiology and sexual behavior, puberty and sexual maturity, seasonal changes, copulation, semen collection and it’s characteristics. Female reproductive organs, female reproductive physiology and sexual behavior, oestrous cycle, external signs of oestrus, pregnancy and foetal development, pregnancy diagnosis and parturition. Age of sexual maturity, breeding season, conception rate, calving interval, reproductive longevity. Early embryonic mortality, reproductive problems in the female, reproductive problems in the male. Artificial insemination, nutrition and reproduction, embryo transfer in camel.

Practical: Management of dystocia in clinical cases, castration, ovariohystrectomy, caesarean section, surgical procedure related to reproductive disorders in both male and females.

  1. Elephant Reproduction

Course Title:                      VGO 513

Content: General introduction, Elephas maximus, domestic and wild elephants. Male genital system, Accessory sex glands, Hormonal control and semenology. Female reproductive system, Ovaries, fallopian tubes, Uterus, vagina and external genitalia. Oestrous cycle, Hormonal regulation of estrous cycle, Mating behaviour and act of copulation. Pregnancy, Gestation length and parturition. Neonatal care of elephant calves. Musth in elephants, behavioral patterns, pre-musth, violent- musth and post-musth phases, controlling elephants in musth using drugs/ hormones, anti androgens. Artificial insemination and cryopreservation of gametes.

Practical: Management of dystocia in clinical cases, surgical procedure related to reproductive disorders in both male and females.

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Course Title : Wild and Zoo Animal Reproduction                        VGO 514

Content: Introduction to reproduction, Pattern of estrous cycle, Optimal breeding time with emphasis on tiger, deer, monkey and crocodile. Gestational length, parturition and pregnancy diagnosis. Sexual behavior and major reproductive disorders in wild and zoo animals, contraception techniques for deer.

Practical: Management of dystocia in clinical cases, castration, observation of estrus behavior, pregnancy diagnosis, surgical procedure related to reproductive disorders in both male and females.

 

 

Course Title: Porcine Reproduction                        VGO 515

Content:  Anatomy and physiology of boar and sow.  Oestrus cycle in sow, manipulation of oestrus cycle, methods for detection of oestrus, ndocrinology of pregnancy and parturition. Infertility in sow and its management. Pregnancy diagnosis and management of pregnant sow. Fetal development, abortion, induced parturition, dystocia, stages of parturition and mastitis-metritis complex in sow. Neonatal management and common neonatal diseases, care of piglets. Breeding boar selection and management, semen collection, semen preservation, natural service, artificial insemination, embryo transfer and IVF.

Practical: Visit of swine farm, breeding management in sows, handling the cases of reproductive disorders, caesarean section, castration, sexual behaviour, vaginal cytology, pregnancy diagnosis, dystocia, semen collection, semen preservation, artificial insemination, embryo transfer and record keeping.

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Course Title : Ultrasonography in Animal Reproduction                          VGO 516

Content: Basic principle of ultrasonography, physics of ultrasonography, A-mode, B-mode and M-mode ultrasonography, artifacts, principle of Doppler ultrasonography. Trans-abdominal ultrasonography, transrectal ultrasonography, follicular dynamics and luteal characteristics in large and small ruminants, luteal blood flow studies. Use of ultrasonography in pregnancy diagnosis, infertility management, uterine involution, luteal cyst and follicular cyst, blood flow studies in uterine and foetal arteries. Determination of gestational age in small animals by measuring gestational sac diameter, crown rump length and body diameter. Detection of foetal resorption and mummification. Prediction of parturition time, fetal viability by detecting fetal heart rate, foetal number and sex determination. Testicular and male accessory sex gland ultrasonography.

Practical: Use of ultrasonography in different stages of reproductive cycle. Use of ultrasonography in diagnosis of clinical cases associated with reproductive disorders in both male and females.

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Course Title : Special Problem                     VGO 590V.

Practical: Student will carry out research on allotted project and submit the project report.

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Veterinary Clinical Subjects – Veterinary Surgery and Radiology

M.V.Sc. in Veterinary Surgery and Radiology

Course Code Course Title

VSR 501                     Clinical Practice-I

VSR 502                     Clinical Practice-II*

VSR 503                     Principles of Surgery*

VSR 504                     Anaesthesia And Analgesia*

VSR 505                     Diagnostic Imaging Techniques*

VSR 506                     Soft Tissue Surgery

VSR 507                     Orthopaedic Surgery*

VSR 508                     Anaesthesia of Zoo, Wild, Exotic and Laboratory Animals

VSR 509                     Urogenital Surgery

VSR 510                     Ophthalmology

VSR 511                     Dentistry and Oral Surgery

VSR 512                     Camel Surgery

VSR 513                     Elephant Surgery

VSR 587                     Clinical Case Conference

VSR 588                     Special Problem in Radiology

VSR 589                     Special Problem in Anaesthesia

VSR 590                     Special Problem in Surgery

 

 

 

M.V.Sc. in Veterinary Surgery and Radiology

Course Title: Clinical Practice-I                  VSR 501

Practical: Basic requirements and designing surgical and general veterinary hospital, Developing different proformas required in hospital facility, Assessing surgical patients and documentation, Preparation of surgical team and duties of team members, Surgical suite maintenance and sterilization, Acquaintance with different equipment like inhalant anaesthesia machine, Radiography systems, Ultrasonography, Endoscopy, Electro-surgery, Cryosurgery and physiotherapy equipment, Client management, Public relations, code of conduct, Management of surgical affections, Hospital database management, Attending surgical cases, Disaster management.

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Course Title : Clinical Practice-II                VSR 502

Practical: Application of different equipment like inhalant anaesthesia machine, Computerized radiography system, Ultrasonography, Electro-surgery, Cryosurgery, Physiotherapy and endoscopy and Physiotherapy equipment, Client management and Counselling, public relations, Code of conduct, Management of surgical affections, Hospital management, Database management, Attending surgical cases, Disaster management.

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Course Title: Principles of Surgery                          VSR 503

Content: Classification of wounds, wound healing, mechanism of wound repair, local andsystemic factors affecting wound healing, current concepts of inflammation and management, thermal, electrical and chemical injuries and their management. Asepsis, sterilization and disinfection and principles and practice of antimicrobial therapy in surgical patients. Shock, classification, pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment and monitoring, surgical stress and its systemic effects, haemorrhage and haemostasis, acid-base balance, fluid therapy and blood transfusion, metabolism of the surgical patient. Principles and clinical applications of laser surgery, cryosurgery, electrosurgery, physiotherapy. Minimally invasive surgical procedures which includes laproscopy and endoscopy, principles of microscopic surgery-vessel and nerve anastomosis, application of computers in surgery.

Practical: Identification and handling of surgical instruments, preparation of surgical pack, surgical team and surgical patients, surgical facilities and equipment, introduction to clinical skill laboratory, practice of different suturing patterns and repair of different wounds, using drains, bandages and bandaging techniques, monitoring of traumatized surgical patient, operation theatre conduct.

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Course Title: Anaesthesia And Analgesia                VSR 504

Content: Introduction and history of anaesthesia, General consideration for anaesthesia in animals, Properties of ideal anaesthetic agent, Types of anaesthesia, Anaessthetic triad, Preanaesthetic evaluation of patient and selection of anaesthesia. Preanaesthetic medication (anticholinergics, sedatives, tranquilizers, alpha-2 agonist, narcotics), Muscle relaxants and neuromuscular blocking agents. General anaesthetics and factors affecting their uptake, Distribution and metabolism; Injectable anaesthetic agents (properties, dosage and usage); Combinations of injectable agents and neuroleptanalgesia, Inhalation anaesthetic agents (properties, methods of administration, dosage and usages), Inhalation anaesthesia equipment and breathing circuits, artificial ventilation. Post-operative care of the surgical patient, operating room emergencies, cardiopulmonary arrest and resuscitation, monitoring of anaesthetic recovery. Local anaesthetics, their mechanisms, local and regional nerve blocks, spinal analgesia, intravenous regional anaesthesia, peri-operative and post-operative pain and its management.

Practical: Inhalation anaesthesia equipment, circuits and vaporizers, artificial ventilation, use of various pre-anaesthetic and anaesthetic agents in small and large animals, anaesthetic triad, balanced anaesthesia, total intravenous anaesthesia, regional and local nerve blocks using local anaesthetics, alpha-2 agonists and their combinations in domestic animals, monitoring of anaesthesia, reversal of sedation and analgesia induced by alpha-2 agonists, practice of anaesthesia in clinical cases; record keeping in anaesthesia and euthanaia.

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Course Title: Diagnostic Imaging Techniques                     VSR 505

Content: Regulations regarding establishment and handling of x-ray units. Requirements for establishment of x-ray units, conventional and digital x-ray machine, x-ray films, Cassettes, screen, x-ray production, Qualities of x-rays, Image formation and dark room procedures, Image plate, Formation of radiograph technique chart, Artifacts and their prevention, Radiographic quality Contrast, Density and details), radiographic accessories, radiographic positioning for different organs/ parts in small and large animals. Plain and contrast radiographic techniques of small and large animals, fluoroscopy/ C-arm, principles of radiographic interpretation, Principles of radiation therapy, medical radioisotope curves, radiation laws and regulations. Radiation hazards and monitoring of radiographic exposure to personnel and protection. Basic physics of ultrasound waves and image formation, scanning principles of ultrasound, transducers, equipment controls, modes of display, terminology used for echotexture and USG artifacts, application of ultrasound in small and large animals. Doppler techniques echocardiography and its application, introduction to nuclearimaging techniques, computerized tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography technique.

Practical: Acquaintance with imaging equipment, computed radiography and digital radiography systems, dark room processing techniques and x-ray film handling, formulation of technique chart with fixed kVp and variable mAs, radiographic artefacts and their prevention, basics of radiographic interpretation of diseases, PACS, radiography positioning of different regions in domestic animals, contrast radiographic techniques, interpretation of radiographs, practice of ultrasonographic imaging and report writing.

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Course Title : Soft Tissue Surgery               VSR 506

Content: Skin, adnexa, integument, appendages, horn, tail, sinus affections of equine and bovine, teat affections, principles of plastic and reconstructive surgery, different types of skin grafts. Surgical approaches/ affections of ear, oral cavity, larynx and pharynx, salivary glands, oesophagus, abdomen, rumen, reticulum, omasum, abomasum, stomach, intestines, rectum, anus, liver and biliary system, pancreas and porto-systemic shunts. Abdominal hernia, diaphragmatic hernia, perineal hernia, ventral, femoral and umbilical hernia, ritcher hernia, hiatal hernia, omental hernia, pre-pubic tendon rupture, use of biological and synthetic grafts for hernia repair, laparoscopic repair of hernia. Principles of thoracic surgery, Functional anatomy of respiratory system, diseases of upper and lower respiratory system, functional anatomy of cardiovascular system and common affections of heart. Affections of pituitary, adrenals, thyroid, parathyroid glands, Principles of neurosurgery and common surgical affections of nervous system and special sense organs. Haemolymphatic system, bone marrow, spleen, tonsils, lymph nodes and lymphatics, thymus.

Practical: Practice of various surgical techniques of skin and adnexa, alimentary system, hernias, respiratory system, affections of horn, tail and teat, endoscopy techniques, instrumentation, use of rigid/ flexible endoscopes in companion and farm animals.

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Course Title : Orthopaedic Surgery                         VSR 507

Content: Bone structure and function, growth, Response to injury, Fractures and luxations, classification of fracture, Fracture healing. Biomechanics of fracture healing, Considerations for selection of fixation techniques, Treatment of fractures of different bones in companion and farm animals, Diseases of bone. Various affections of the joints, ligaments and tendons and their treatment. Spinal affections and injury to axial skeleton. Conformation of the limb, anatomy of hoof, anatomical, conformational and pathological causes of lameness and allied surgical conditions of fore and hind limbs, rehabilitation of orthopaedic patient.

Practical: Application of Plaster of Paris cast, fiberglass cast, Roberts Jones bandage, modified Schroeder Thomas splint, Coaptation splint, sling application, practice of IM pinning, wiring, bone plating, inter locking nailing, external skeletal fixation, arthrotomy, tenotomy, examination of limbs for lameness, desmotomy, nerve blocks, injections in joints, operations for arthritis, hoof surgery and corrective shoeing.

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Course Title: Anaesthesia of Zoo, Wild, Exotic and Laboratory Animals          VSR 508

Content: General consideration in chemical restraint of captive and free ranging wild animals, handling of birds with minimum stress, physical examination, blood sampling, crop washes, faecal sampling. Methods of administration of anaesthesia in captive, free ranging animals, birds and laboratory animals. Local and general anaesthesia in exotic species, wild animals, birds, zoo animals and laboratory animals. Anaesthetic emergencies and complications. Diagnostic interpretation, haematology and biochemistry analysis, avian diagnostic endoscopy.

Practical: Familiarization with capture and anaesthetic equipments, local anaesthetic techniques, use of various preanaesthetic and anaesthetic agents in laboratory animals, birds, monitoring of patient during general anaesthesia, familiarization of various diseases in exotic birds like tumours, foreign body, crop stasis, crop tear, crop fistula, toe necrosis, feather cyst, excision of uropygieal gland, rhinolith, pharyngostomy, ingluviotomy, ventriculotomy and orthopedic injuries, visits to zoos and wild life sanctuaries for practical on wild and zoo animals.

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Course Title: Urogenital Surgery               VSR 509

Content: Surgical anatomy of urinary and reproductive tract in male and female animals, Congenital anomalies of organs of male and female urinary and reproductive system. Principals of urinary tract surgery, Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and surgical management of affections of kidney, ureter, urinary bladder and urethra, Medical dissolution and prevention of Canine uroliths, Feline urologic syndrome, Surgical management of urolithiais in ruminants and its prevention, management of uroperitoneum and renal failure. Pathogenesis, Clinical symptoms, Diagnosis and surgical management of vaginaland uterine prolapse, Rectovaginal fistula, Pneumovagina, Vaginal tumours, pyometra, Cysts of Gartner’s canal and vestibular glands. Surgical conditions of penis, Prepuce, Prostate and testicles, Cryptorchidism, Inguinal and scrotal hernia, Affections of teat and udder. Indications, Techniques and postoperative complications of episiotomy, Ovariectomy, ovariohysterectomy and caesarean section, Pyomerta and its surgical treatment. Castration, Vasectomy, Cauda epididymectomy and penile deviation.

Practical: Hands-on-training of techniques of centesis of urinary bladder in companion and farm animals, Different types of catheters used in urogenital surgery, Retrograde catheterization of urethra and urinary bladder, Normograde catheterization of urethra on clinical cases of urinary retention, Pudendal nerve block for penis examination in ruminants, Diagnostic techniques and surgical management of the affections of kidney, Ureters, Urinary bladder, Urethra, Uro-hydropropulsion, Restraint and anaesthesia for urogenital tract surgery, Cystotomy, Tube cystostomy, Nephrotomy, Ureterocolostomy, Urethrotomy, Urethrostomy, Castration, Vasectomy, Penile deviation, Epididymectomy, Amputation of penis, Episiotomy, Ovariohysterectomy, Tubectomy, Caesarean section, Management of phimosis, Paraphimosis, Venereal granuloma, Vaginal and uterine prolapse, Rectovaginal fistula and pneumovagina, Bladder and uterine marsupialization.

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Course Title : Ophthalmology                       VSR 510

Content: Anatomy and physiology of eye and its adnexa, Ophthalmic examination and diagnosis, Diagnostic instrumentation, Anaesthesia and surgery. General consideration for eye surgery in companion and farm animals, Therapeutic agents for eye diseases and surgery of eye lids, lacrimal apparatus, naso-lacrimal duct. Diseases of conjunctiva, cornea, sclera, iris, orbit, lens, vitreous and aqueous humor, retina and optic nerve, eye tumours, enucleation, exenteration. Ocular manifestations of systemic diseases. Neuro-ophthalmology and ocular emergencies.

Practical: Ophthalmic instrumentation, examination of the eye and its adnexa, anaesthesia, preparation of patient, suture materials for eye surgery, canthotomy, tarsorrhaphy, keratoplasty, anterior chamber paracentesis, flushing of naso-lacrimal duct, iridectomy, phacoemulsification and implantation of foldable lens, surgical treatment of entropion and ectropion, cherry eye, Schirmer tear test, use of fluorescein dye in corneal ulcer, glaucoma surgery, eye worm removal.

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Course Title: Dentistry and Oral Surgery    VSR 511

Content: Anatomy, development of teeth (odontogenesis), dentition and ageing of different species. Clinical examination of oral cavity, Dental anesthesia and pain management, Dental radiography. Diseases of oral cavity and teeth, Congenital and developmental anomalies of oral cavity, Abnormal tooth eruption, Irregular wear of teeth in companion and farm animals, occlusion and malocclusion, Mandibular fracture, Malformation of mandible, maxilla (cleft palate). Acquired diseases of teeth (halitosis, dental caries, fracture of teeth, dental materials and dental radiography), Oronasal fistula, Maxilla and mandibular fractures repair, Orthodontics, Tumors and Other acquired condition of oral cavity. Exodontics, Restorative dentistry, Periodontal disease, Tooth extraction, Gum diseases. Endodontics, Pulpectomy, Root Canal therapy (RCT), Current techniques in dentistry.

Practical: Oral examination, Modified triadian system of tooth numbering in various species, Dental chart for companion and farm animals, Dentistry instrumentation, Dental radiography procedure, Periodontal probing, Scaling/ teeth cleaning, Tooth extraction, Malpractices in equine dentistry, Periodical maintenance of oral hygiene, Corrective procedures, Malocclusion, Treatment strategies congenital malformations of maxilla and mandible, oral surgery.

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Course Title : Camel Surgery           VSR 512

Content: Introduction to special surgical anatomy of important parts, i.e. Mandible, Soft palate, Chest pad, saddle region, Male urinary system, tail, etc., Restraint and positioning for various surgical procedures and radiography of different parts. Use of local anaesthesia, Various nerve blocks and regional anaesthesia used to treat diverse surgical disorders, Preanaesthetics, Tranquilizers, Sedatives and general anaesthetics used for camel surgery. Surgical affections of head and neck region: Laceration and infected wounds of nostril skin, Infection of turbinate, Actinobacillosis, Dental affections, Removal of canines in furious camels, Torticollis, Fracture of mandible and maxilla, Soft palate injuries, Ophthalmic affections, Salivary fistula, Stenson’s duct ligation, Oesophageal obstruction. Surgical affections of thorax and abdominal region: Saddle gall, Hernia, Chest pad wounds and enlargements, Foreign bodies in compartment, Intestinal obstruction, Obstructive urolithiasis, Rupture of urethra, Subcutaneous infiltration of urine, Cystorrhexis. Surgical affections of musculo-skeletal system: diagnosis of lameness in camels, management of long bone and digital fractures, upward fixation of patella, sprains, arthritis. Sheath abscess, Necrosis of penis, Phimosis, Paraphimosis, Preputial prolapse, Various types of tumours, Gangrene and tumours of udder, Necrosis of tail, Punctured foot, prolapse of digital cushion, Foot injuries, Kumri, Kapali, etc.

Practical: Restraint and anaesthesia (Local, regional, sedation and general anaesthesia), Preparation of sites, Surgical anatomy of important surgical affections, Special instruments used for camel restraining and surgery, Observing and assisting in diverse surgical procedures on clinical cases in camels, Practice of interdental wiring for repair of mandibular fractures in specimen mandibles, Clinical and radiographic diagnosis of lameness, Protection of wounds of chest pad and foot using special bandages, Radiography of different part of camels and postoperative care of diverse surgical affections of camels.

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Course Title : Elephant Surgery                  VSR 513

Content:: Basic surgical anatomy of Asian elephants and comparison with other farm animals. Drug administration techniques in captive and wild elephants, Anaesthetic management of captive and wild elephants for various surgical and managerial conditions. Principles of soft tissue surgery in elephants, Cyst, Bursitis, Gall, Haematoma, Abscess, etc. Management and treatment of fractures and arthritis in elephants. Pedicure, corrective foot care and maintenance of healthy feet of captive elephants housed in different establishments in different seasons. Hoisting of recumbent elephants, Surgical methods of birth control in elephants, limitations and risks of abdominal surgery in elephants (eg. Caesarian section, Castration, Hernia, etc., Soft tissue surgery like episiotomy, vestibulotomy, etc.).

Practical: Familiarity with clinical examination procedures, Body weight estimation, Signs of health and diseases, Signs of localized lesions, etc., Familiarity with physical and chemical restraint procedures, Drug administrations by various routes-IM, IV, SC, sub-conjuctival, oral, per rectal, etc., foot examination and foot care procedures, visit to elephant camps and attending clinical procedures, surgeries, etc.

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Course Title: Clinical Case Conference                  VSR 587

Practical: Present seminar on unusual/ interesting clinical cases done in the semester. Compile them from presentation to follow up and also submit the write up in soft or hard copy.

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Course Title: Special Problem in Radiology           VSR 588

Practical: Investigative radiological problems in clinical or experimental models, didactic and interpersonal learning-teaching, problem solving self-learning strategies in problems related to radiology.

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Course Title : Special Problem in Anaesthesia                                VSR 589

Practical: Investigative anesthetic problems in clinical or experimental models, Didactic and interpersonal learning-teaching, Problem solving self-learning strategies in problems related to anaesthesia.

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Veterinary Clinical Subjects – Veterinary Medicine

M.V.Sc. in Veterinary Medicine

 

Course Code              Course Title

VMD 501                   Ruminant Medicine-internal

VMD 502                   Ruminant Medicine-infectious 3

VMD 503                   Equine Medicine

VMD 504                   Canine and Feline Medicine-I

VMD 505                   Canine and Feline Medicine-II

VMD 506                   Metabolic and Endocrine Diseases, Nutritional Deficiencies and Diseases of Mammary Gland

VMD 507                   Paediatrics and Geriatrics

VMD 508                   Avian and Swine Medicine

VMD 509                   Zoo, Wild and Laboratory Animal Medicine

VMD 510                   Toxicology and Forensic Medicine

VMD 511                   Clinical Diagnostic Techniques

VMD 512                   Emergency Medicine

VMD 513                   Diagnosis of Veterinary Infectious Diseases

VMD 514                   Oncology and Ethno-veterinary Medicine

VMD 515                   Animal Disease Investigation and Biosecurity

VMD 516                   Clinical Practice-I

VMD 517                   Clinical Practice-II

 

 

 

 

M.V.Sc. in Veterinary Medicine I.

Course Title: Ruminant Medicine - Internal                       VMD 501

 

Content: Examination of alimentary tract and abdomen; Diseases of the buccal cavity and related organs including pharynx, Oesophagus. Reticulo-ruminal fermentative disorders (simple indigestion, impaction, ruminal lactic acidosis), Primary and secondary bloat, Diaphragmatic hernia, Traumatic reticulo-peritonitis and Omasal impaction. Diseases of abomasum (impaction, displacements, ulcers, bloat), Acute and chronic diarrhoea, Intestinal obstructive disorders (intussusception, volvulus), Peritonitis, caecal dilatation and hemorrhagic bowel syndrome. Manifestations of liver and biliary diseases, Focal and diffuse diseases of liver. Disease of nasal cavity, sinuses, disease of larynx and trachea, pneumonias, pleuritis, manifestations Principles of treatment in uro-genital system; Rupture, Paralysis and infections of urinary bladder, Urolithiasis, Nephritis and renal failure, Nephrosis, renal ischemia, Hemolytic uremic like syndrome, Uremia and neoplasms of urinary tract. Examination of cardiac system and Special examination of heart (ECG, echocardiography, Markers for diagnosis of cardiac disorders. Principal manifestations of cardiovascular diseases, congenital cardiac diseases, myocarditis), cardiomyopathy, endocarditis, pericarditis, phelebitis, thrombosis, anemia, lymphangitis, lymphadenopathies and thrombocytopenia. Principles of nervous dysfunction, Clinical manifestation and special examination, Localization of lesion in brain and spinal cord, Cortical diseases, Brain abscess, Meningitis, Diseases of brainstem, Cerebellar diseases, Spinal cord compression and peripheral nerve paralysis. Principal manifestations and special examination of musculoskeletal system, Myositis, Myopathies, Foot lameness, Arthritis, Osteodystrophies, Degenerative joint disease and nutritional deficiency diseases affecting musculoskeletal system; conjunctivitis, Keratitis, uveitis, Horner syndrome, neoplasms of eye, otits media, otitis externa; Skin diseases: folliculitis, furunculosis and skin neoplasms.

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Course Title: Ruminant Medicine-infectious                       VMD 502

Content: Clostridial diseases-black quarter, Botulism, Bacillary hemoglobinuria, Braxy, Enterotoxemia, Malignant edema, Pulpy kidney disease, Tetanus, Collibacilosis, Salmonellosis, Compylobacteriosis, Listeriosis, Actinobacillosis, Actinomycosis, Anthrax, Tuberculosis, Johne’s disease, Leptospirosis, Pasteurellosis, Ulcerative lymphangitis, Infectious bovine keratoconjuctivitis, Chlamydiosis infections, Dermatophytosis, Cutaneous streptothricosis, Candidiasis and Rhinosporidiosis. Foot and mouth disease, Vesicular stomatitis, Vesicular exanthema, Rinderpest, PPR, Bovine viral diarrhea, Mucosal disease, Ephemeral fever, Bovine herpes viral diseases, Leucosis, Viral pneumonia, Pox diseases, Infectious gastroenteritis of viral etiology. Malignant catarrh fever, Rabies, Bluetongue, Louping ill, Papillomatosis, Contagious ecthyma (orf), Caprine arthritis and Encephalopathy(CAE), Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia and Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia. Bovine spongiform Encephalopathy, Scarpie, Bovine Anaplasmosis, Theileriasis, Babesiosis, Fascioliosis, Amphistomiosis, Gastrointestinal nematodiosis, Schistosomiosis, Lung worm infection, Echinococcosis, Coenurosis and Tapeworm infections, Coccidiosis, Thelaziasis, parasitic dermatitis (scabies, psoroptes).

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Course Title: Equine Medicine                     VMD 503

Content: Diseases of buccal cavity (dental diseases, stomatitis), Oesophagus, Gastric dilatation, gastro-duodenal ulceration, Acute and chronic diarrhea, Colic, Acute and chronic hepatitis.  Diseases of cardio-vascular system and blood forming organs; Manifestations and principles of treatment in respiratory disorders, Epistaxis, Ethmoidal hematoma, pharyngitis, sinusitis, Guttural pouch diseases, Tracheal collapse, Adult pneumonia, foal pneumonia, Recurrent air way obstruction, Inflammatory airway disease, Pleurapneumonia, Pulmonary congestion and edema; Manifestations and principles of treatment of urinary system diseases, Rupture of urinary bladder, Paralysis, urolithiasis, Urinary tract infections, Acute and chronic renal failure and Neoplasms of urinary tract. Principal manifestations of musculoskeletal diseases, Laminitis, Inflammatory Myopathy, Exertional Myopathies, Myotonia, Hyperkalemic periodic paralysis and Nutritional deficiency diseases affecting musculoskeletal system. Nervous diseases, Viral encephalitis, Intracarotid drug injection, Trauma to brain and cranial nerves, Brain abscess, Peripheral vestibular disease, Temporo-hyoid osteoarthropathy, Ataxia (sorghum toxicity, spinal abscesses), Peripheral facial nerve paralysis, Peripheral nerve disorders; Skin diseases, bacterial, fungal, parasitic and allergic dermatitis (culicoides hypersensitivity), Cutaneous eczema, Cutaneous acne, Cutaneous pustular dermatitis, Candidasis, Histoplasmosis, Coccidiodomycosis and dermatophytosis. Bacterial, fungal and viral keratitis, Equine recurrent uveitis, Uveitis, Ocular neoplasia. Trypanosomiasis/ dourine, Babesiosis, Parasitic pneumonia, Strangles, equine influenza, Equine herpes virus infection, Potomac horse fever, Equine infectious anaemia and setariasis.

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Course Title : Canine and Feline Medicine-I                  VMD 504

Content: Diagnostic approach to common manifestations of disease: Vomiting, acute diarrhea, Chronic diarrhea, Syncope, Anemia, Jaundice, Fever, Weight loss, Edema, Dyspnoea, coughing and nasal discharge. Etiology, pathogenesis, clinical signs, clinical pathology, diagnosis, Differential diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the oral cavity, oesophagus, acute gastritis, chronic gastritis, Gastric dilatation, Volvulus, Tumors of the stomach, Intussusception, Acute enteritis, Chronic enteritis, Inflammatory bowel disease, Colitis, Gastric and Intestinal foreign bodies, Diseases of rectum and anal sac, Peritonitis, Acute hepatitis, Chronic hepatitis, Diseases of gall bladder, Cholangitis, Vascular liver diseases, Extra hepatic biliary system, Acute pancreatitis and Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. Anemia, Lymphangitis, Lymphadinopathies, Coagulopathies, Immune mediateddiseases, Neoplastic diseases of hemo-lymphatic system; Examination of cardiac system and special examination of heart (ECG, Echocardiography, Holter and markers for diagnosis of cardiac disorders), Congenital heart diseases, Dilated cardiomyopathy, Endocardiosis, Cardiac arrhythmias, Pericardial disorders. Pet psychology, Pet behaviour, Adaptation needs and Behavioural medicine Leptospirosis, Tetanus, Brucellosis, Lyme disease, Rocky mountain spotted fever, Kennel cough, Trypanosomiasis, Ehrlichiosis, Ancylostomiasis, Dirofilariasis, Giardiasis, Coccidiosis/ Isosporosis, Toxoplasmosis, Babesiosis, Neosporosis, Hepatozonoosis and Tape worm infections.

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Course Title: Canine and Feline Medicine-II          VMD 505

Content: Principles of treatment in respiratory disorders, Diseases of nasal cavity, Tracheobronchitis, Chronic bronchitis, Pulmonary congestion and edema, Acute pneumonia, Chronic pneumonia, Feline asthma, Pleural effusions and Neoplasms of respiratory tract. Diagnostic approach to common manifestations of disease: Seizures, Coma, Monoparesis, Pelvic limb paralysis, Pruritis, alopecia, Obesity, Urinary incontinence, Hematuria; Focal, diffuse and multifocal diseases of brain. Diseases of spinal cord and Peripheral nervous system, Vestibular diseases and toxins affecting nervous system. Diseases of muscles- congenital and inherited diseases of muscles, bone and joints, Myasthenia, Myopathy; Nutritional deficiency diseases- Rickets, Primary and Secondary Hyperparathyroidism, Osteodystrophy and Osteomyelitis. Diseases of eyelids, Epiphora, Keratitis, Conjunctivitis, Uveitis, Glaucoma, Acute blindness and Neoplasms of eye. Skin diseases, Common pyodermas, Atopy, Dermatophytosis and Dermatomycosis, Demodicosis, Scabies, Myiasis, and Nutritional disorders related to skin and its therapeutic management, Flea allergy and its treatment and control measures, Alopecia. Cutaneous manifestations of hormonal imbalances and systemic disorders, Auto immune diseases of skin, Diseases of the pinna, Otitis and principles of treatment in otic infections. Manifestations and principles of treatment of urinary system diseases, Urinary tract infections, Urolithiasis, Nephritis, Nephrosis, Pyelonephritis, Renal failure and neoplasms of urinary tract. Viral diseases: Canine parvovirus, Canine distemper, Corona viral gastroenteritis, Infectious hepatitis, Infectious tracheobronchitis, Canine herpes virus, Rabies, Feline Panleukopenia, Infectious peritonitis (FIP), Feline leukemia virus infection, Feline immunodeficiency virus, Vaccination schedule for canine and feline diseases, Dermatophytosis, Blastomycosis, Histoplasmosis, Sporotrichosis, and coccidioidomycosis.

 

 

 

 

Course Title: Metabolic and Endocrine Diseases, Nutritional Deficiencies and Diseases of Mammary Gland                          VMD 506

Content: Metabolic profile test parturient paresis, Downer cow syndrome, Acute hypokalemia in cattle, Transit recumbency, Lactation tetany of mares, Hypomagnesemia, Tetany of calves, Ketosis, sub-clinical ketosis, Pregnancy toxemia, Fatty liver syndrome, Equine hyperlipidemia, Steatitis, Neonatal hypoglycemia, low milk fat syndrome, Peri-parturient hemoglobinuria and Eclampsia in bitches. Deficiency of energy and protein, Deficiency of fat and water soluble vitamins and deficiency of macro- micro minerals. Mastitis, Diseases of teats and udder in ruminants, “mastitis-metritis-agalactia” in sow and congenital abnormalities of udder and teats. Diabetes mellitus, Diabetes insipidus, Hypothyroidism, Obesity, Hypo- and hyperadrenocorticism.

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Course Title: Paediatrics and Geriatrics                  VMD 507

Content: Perinatal management, Perinatal adaptation, Neonatal health, Asphyxia and Resuscitation; Physical examination of the neonate, perinatal and neonatal mortality, Colostrum and its substitutes, Manifestations of disease. Immunization of neonates, Fluid replacement therapy, Nutritional support, Blood and Serum transfusion, Antimicrobial therapy and neonatal diarrhoea. Non-infectious and infectious diseases of viral, bacterial, mycoplasma and parasitic origin of neonates, Young and aged farm and companion animals; Diseases acquired from dam, Congenital disorders, Metabolic disorders, Nutritional deficiencies, Miscellaneous conditions (hypothermia, hyperthermia, starvation, arthritis), Management of shock and other emergencies, Detection and correction of failure of passive transfer of immunity. Geriatric diseases: Senility, Dental diseases, Glaucoma, Cataract, Keratitis sicca, Urinary incontinence, Renal insufficiency, Cardiac diseases, Pulmonary diseases, Neoplasia, Bone and joint diseases, Neurologic disorders, Otologic disorders, Endocrine diseases (diabetes mellitus, cushing’s disease, hypothyroidism), Liver diseases, Psychological and behaviour disorders.

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Course Title: Avian and Swine Medicine                VMD 508

Content: Specific needs of avian species; Diseases due to deficiency of vitamins (vitamins A, B complex, C, D, E, K); minerals (calcium, phosphorus, manganese, zinc, etc.) and sodium chloride. Miscellaneous diseases/ conditions/ vices (cage layer fatigue, beak necrosis, blue comb disease, round heart disease, kerato- conjunctivitis, ascites, urolithiasis, fatty liver, kidney hemorrhagic syndrome, heat stroke, cannabalism, vent picking), egg bound peritonitis, diseases of feather, skin, beak and foot, bumble foot, gout, infectious diseases of poultry (marek’s disease, lymphoid leukosis, new castle disease, infectious coryza, fowl typhoid, CRD, pullorum disease, cocciodiosis, chlamydiasis, avian pox, infectious bursal disease, infectious bronchitis, infectious laryngotracheitis, etc.). Nutritional deficiency diseases of pigs, swine influenza, hog cholera, african swine fever, swine pox, vesicular exanthema, vesicular stomatitis, rabies. porcine enteroviruses, pseudorabies, listeriosis, leptospirosis, brucellosis, anthrax, salmonellosis, swine erysipelas, pasteurellosis, tuberculosis, mange, etc. Handling, physical examination, sampling, diagnostic techniques and medication.

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Course Title: Zoo, Wild and Laboratory Animal Medicine                       VMD 509

 

Content: Study of diseases and health management of zoo, Wild and laboratory animals; Etiology, Clinical signs, Diagnosis and management of various diseases of zoo, wild and laboratory animals. Restraint, Feeding, Diseases and health management of exotic animals kept as pets. Specific diseases of laboratory animals caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites. Specific diseases of zoo (captive) animals caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites.

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Course Title: Toxicology and Forensic Medicine                VMD 510

 

Content: Diseases caused by physical agents and poisoning of organic and inorganic compounds. Diseases caused by farm chemicals and phytotoxins. Diseases caused by mycotoxins and zootoxins. Collection, Dispatch and Examination of vetro-legal samples. Examination of wounds, blood, offenses and frauds in animal sales. Animal cruelty and welfare related issues. Study of common laws related to vetro-legal aspects.

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Course Title : Clinical Diagnostic Techniques                     VMD 511

Content: Peritoneal fluid analysis, Gastrointestinal endoscopy, Colonoscopy, Proctoscopy, Ultrasonography, Liver biopsy, Interventional imaging, Rhinoscopy, Brochoscopy, Transtracheal lavage, Endotracheal lavage, Broncho-alveolar lavage, Thoracocentesis, Pericardiocentesis, Interpretation of hemogram, Renal and Hepatic function tests. Neurological examination. Electrocardiography, Echocardiography, Pulse oximetry, Blood and blood component therapy, Bone marrow biopsy, Arterial blood gas analysis, Cerebrospinal fluid analysis, Cystocentesis, Urinary catheterization, Renal function tests, Specific gravity of urine by refractometer, Skin-biopsy, Cytology- scrapings, Otoscopy, Direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy, Shirmer tear test, Tonometry. Diagnosis tests in mastitis. Assay for T3, T4, lipase, Amylase, Radio immunoassay and indications of CT, MRI, nuclear medicine.

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Course Title: Emergency Medicine                          VMD 512

Content:  Diagnosis and therapeutic management of various emergencies of cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, urinary and nervous systems.; Diagnosis and therapeutic management of various emergencies of toxicities, sting bites, snake bite and burns in farm and companion animals.; Monitoring critical ill patient, application of emergency care procedures for resuscitation of critically ill patients.; Placement of central venous catheters, introsseous fluid administration, endotracheal intubation, gastric lavage, decompression of guttural pouch, stomach, cecum, ventilation, nebulization, fluid therapy, CPR, oxygen therapy, enteral nutrition, nasogastric intubation, Blood transfusion

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Course Title: Diagnosis of Veterinary Infectious Diseases                         VMD 513

Practical: Sampling techniques for collection of samples during research; Sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic tests including false positive and false negative tests. Mastitis diagnostic tests; Culture and staining techniques; Diagnosis of fungal diseases, protozoan and rickettsial diseases, fecal examination for endoparasites, skin scrapping examination for mites, fleas and lice; ELISA, PCR, culture sensitivity tests on milk and other body fluids, molecular techniques and types of PCR, Molecular epidemiology tools including RFLP, etc.

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Course Title: Oncology and Ethno-veterinary Medicine                VMD 514

Content: Tumors related to different systems - biology and pathogenesis of cancer, diagnostic procedures, oncology medicine, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immuno-therapy and miscellaneous therapeutic measures, including advancements of therapeutic approaches, supportive care for the cancer patient. Natural remedies and products for use towards therapy in animal ailments. Acupuncture, physiotherapy, laser therapy, nutraceuticals and dietary supplements.

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Course Title: Animal Disease Investigation and Biosecurity                     VMD 515

Content: Investigation and diagnosis on dead and live diseased animal (s) and poultry. Point source epidemics and propagating epidemics, Collection, Preservation and transport of material in the face of disease outbreak, and processing of material in the laboratory for diagnosis; Recording and analysis of epidemiological data. Establishing working hypothesis and formulating and advising and/ or implementing treatment, control and prevention measures. Biosecurity definition, Related concepts, Principles and basic components of biosecurity, Physical and operational elements of biosecurity. Routes of entry and transmission dynamics of pathogens. Shedding pattern of pathogens by infected animals and their survival in the environment. Protection of susceptible animals, interruption of pathways of transmission, role of disinfection to break cycle of infection. Sterilization, fumigation and disinfection methods, disinfectants and its classification, Microbial resistance to disinfectants, Risk assessment and its management. Principles of biosecurity in laboratory animal house, Biosecurity measures for collection of specimen from wild animals. Biosecurity in research laboratories. Vaccines-success stories of disease eradication through vaccination.

Practical: Isolation and identification of field isolates and vaccine strains by conventional, immunoassays and molecular techniques.; To perform an outbreak investigation of infectious diseases and toxicological conditions in livestock and poultry in the field/ organised livestock farms.; Practical use of disinfectants in destruction of microbes in laboratory and under field conditions. Determination of efficacy/ phenol coefficient of commonly used disinfectants.; Approaches in animal disease control and eradication. Preliminary steps to control animal disease outbreaks.; Types of vaccines, vaccination schedule in livestock, pets and poultry.

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Course Title : Clinical Practice-I                  VMD 516

Content: Diagnostic and therapeutic protocol application, specimen collection, examination and management of sick farm and companion animals, use of diagnostic techniques for diagnosis of medicinal cases, acquaintance with different equipment, client management, public relations, code of conduct, hospital management, database management and maintenance of case records, disaster management; Note: This course shall be conducted in Veterinary Clinical Complex (VCC), where students shall participate in diagnosis and treatment of diseased animals.

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Course Title : Clinical Practice-II II. Course Code : VMD 517

Practical: Diagnostic and therapeutic protocol application, specimen collection, examination and management of sick farm and companion animals, use of diagnostic techniques for diagnosis of medicinal cases, acquaintance with different equipment, client management, public relations, code of conduct, hospital management, database management and maintenance of case records, disaster management.; Note: This course shall be conducted in Veterinary Clinical Complex (VCC), where students shall participate in diagnosis and treatment of diseased animals.

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